Liaoning, province, located in Northeast China, occupying the southern part of the historic region of Manchuria. It is bordered on the south by inlets of the Yellow Sea and on the southeast by the Yalu River. bounded on the northeast by Kirin province, on the east by North Korea, on the south by the Yellow Sea, on the southwest by Hopeh province, and on the northwest by the Inner Mongolian autonomous region.

The area was known as Sheng-ching in Manchu times (1644-1911). It was redefined in 1903 and named Feng-t'ien; in 1928 the boundaries were altered once again and it was renamed Liaoning. From 1932 to 1945, the province was part of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. Shen-yang.

Main crops are corn, millet, tobacco, cotton, and apples. Liaoning is China's most urbanized and industrialized province; it has rich coal and iron ore deposits, as well as copper, lead, zinc, and manganese.

Major industrial towns are Wafangdian, Dalian, Jinxi, Jinzhou, Chaoyang, Beipiao, Fuxin, Anshan, Shenyang, Fushun and Tieling.

Area 151,000 sq km (58,301 sq mi); population 42,380,000.

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